Sustainable crop production in stress condition: strategies and management
Keywords:
Abiotic and biotic stresses, climate change, genetic and management optionsAbstract
Stress in plants refers to external conditions that adversely affect growth and development and result in poor crop productivity. A wide range of environmental stresses reduce or limit the productivity of crops. These are two types of environmental stresses that are encountered by plants: abiotic stress and biotic stress. Abiotic stress causes the loss of major crops and includes salinity, flooding, drought, extreme temperature, heavy metals, etc. On the other hand, biotic stress is caused by attacks by various pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes, herbivores, etc., and plants are in nature; they cannot move from these environmental cues. Though the plants have developed different mechanisms in order to overcome these threats of abiotic and biotic stresses, they sense the external stress environment, get stimulated, and then generate appropriate cellular responses. On the basis of different scientists’ perceptions, it is expected that the stresses may show their severity under climatic change. Now, there is a strong need to develop tolerant crop varieties to overcome stress like salinity, drought, and waterlogging conditions. Therefore, to reduce stress problems, plant breeders, pathologists, and agronomists should come forward to mitigate these stresses, so according to the past publication, it is clear that in the future, research should be done on integrated methodologies to mitigate stresses so that sustainable production can be achieved
References
Ayman E L et al. 2020. Consequences of salinity stress on the quality of crops and its mitigation strategies for sustainable crop production: An outlook of arid and semi -arid regions environment, climate, plant and vegetation growth. pp. 503-533, springer.com.
Abdelsal A A K, Hafeez Y M. Saath A and Saneoka H. 2017. Ameliorative effects of abscisic acid and yeast on morpho-physiological and yield characters of maize (Zea mays L.) plants under water deficit conditions. Fresenius Environ Bull. 26(12): 7372-7383.
Akram R and Nasim W. 2018. Fate of organic and inorgonic pollutants in paddy would, In: M.Z. Hashami, and A. Verma (eds). Environmental pollution of paddy soils, soul biology, Springer, Cham, pp 197-214.
Amanullah. 2020. Agronomy- Climate Change & Food Security. Intechopen.com/books/8153.
Bhadra P, Maitra S and Aftab T. (2021). Climate change impact on plants: Plant responses and adaptations. In: Plant perspective to global climate changes. Sciencedirect.com, pp. 1-24.
Bhatt R, Hossain A and Hasanuzzaman M. 2019. Adaptation strategies to mitigate the evapotraspiration for sustainable crop production: A perspective of rice - wheat cropping system. Agronomic crops, links spriger.com, pp. 559-581.
Lesk C, Rowhani P and Romankutti N. (2016). Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature, 529:84-87.
Verma S, Nizam S and Verma P K. 2013. Biotic and abiotic stress signalling in plants : Genomics and proteomics perspective. 1: 25-49.
Zhu J K. 2002. Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants.Annual review of plants biology.53:247-273 Annual Review of plant Biology. 53: 247-275.
Gull A, Ahmad A L and Wani N. 2019. Biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. DOI:10.5772/ intech open 85832.
Flowers T J. 2004. Improving salt tolerance. J. Exp. Bolany. 55(6): 307-319.
Shanker A K and Shanker C. 2016. Abiotic and Biotic stress in plants. Recent advances and future perspective. http://www.intechopen.com /book/abiotic-and-biotic stress-in- plants-recent-advances-and-future-perspective.
Tandzi L N, Bradley G and Mutengwa C. 2019. morphological responses of maize to drought, heat and combined stresses at seedling Stage. J. Biol. Sei. 19(1): 7-16.
Shaheen T, Rahman M, Shahid R M, Zafar Y and Rahman M. 2016. Soybean production and drought plass. In: Abiotic and Biotic stress in soyabean production. Elsevier: pp 177-196.
Devasirvatham V and Tan D. 2018. Impact of high temperature and drought stresses on chickpea production. Agronomy. 8(8): 145.
Yadav S, Vigpura A, Dave A, Shah S and Memon Z. 2019. Genetic diversity analysis of different wheat varieties using SSR markers. International journal of current micro application science. 8(02): 839-846.
Lavitt J. 1980. Response of plans to entonmental stresses, Vol. 1, Academic press, New York.
Dudal R. 1976. Inventory of major soils of the world with special reference to mineral stress-plant adaptation of mineral stress in problem soils. Cornell university Agriculture. Exp. Stn. Ithaca, N.Y. 3-23.
Dresselhaus T and Hukelhoven R. 2017. Biotic and abiotic responses in crop plants, Agronomy. 8(1): 1-6.
Osman H A, Ameen H H, Mohamed M and Elkelany U S. 2020. Efficiency of integrated micro - organisms in controlling root - knot nematode meliodogyne javani a infecting peanut.Bull. Natl. Res. Centre. 44: 1-10.
Bernard G C, Egnin M and Bonsi C. 2017. The impact of plants parasitic nematodes on agriculture and method of control. In: Nematology - Concepts, Diagnosis and Control, Eds, M.M Shah and Mahamood. Intechopen.
Saijo Y. and Loo E P I. 2020. Plants inmunity in signal integration between biotic and abiotic stress responses. New phytol. 225: 87-104.
Pallas V and Garcia J A. 2011. How do plant viruses induce disease. Interactims med interference wik host components. J. Gen. Virol. 92: 2691-27057.
Lamers J, Van D M T and Testerink C. 2020. How plants sense and respond to stressful environments. Plantation. 182: 1624-1635.
Abdul M N A, Kumar I S and Nadarajah K. 2020. Elicitor and receptor molecules: Orchestrators of plant defense and immunity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21: 963.
Gouveia B C and Fontes E P. 2017. Immune receptors and co-receptors antiviral innate immunity in plants. Front. Microbiol. 7: 2139.
Mur L A and Prats E. 2008. The hypersensitive response, the centenary is upon us but how much do we know? J. Exper. Bot. 59: 501-520.
Santamaria M E and Diaz I. 2013. Understanding plant defence responses herbivore attack: an essential first step towards development of sustainable resistance against pests. Transgen.Res. 22: 697-708.
Spoel S H and Dong X. 2012. How do plants achieve immunity? Defense without specialized immune cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12: 89-100.
Taiz I and Zeiger E. 2006. Secondary metabolites and plants defense. Plant physiol. 4: 315-344.
Asthir B, Spoor W and Duffus C. 2004. Involvement of polyamines, diamine oxidase and polyamine oxidase in resistance of barley. Euphytica. 136: 307-312.
