The Journal of Rural Advancement

Phenolic, antioxidant and free radical-scavenging properties of various parts of Indian moringa (Moringa oleifera) during the winter season

Tushar Sharma, Awadhesh Kishore, P.K. Singh — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 -0400

The present investigation was conducted to compare Phenolic, Antioxidant, and Free Radical-Scavenging Properties of Various Parts of Indian Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) during the winter season collected from various locations. Three districts viz Jaipur, Dehra Dun, and Gwalior were selected randomly (one from each state of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttarakhand) for collection of the samples. The samples of the fresh flowers, tender, and mature leaves, and seeds of Moringa oleifera, were collected from three different agroforest locations selected randomly from each district in January 2022. The samples were extracted and analyzed for total phenolic antioxidant-free radical-scavenging properties. The two-way ANOVA with the replication technique of statistical analysis was used to draw a valid conclusion. It can be concluded on behalf of the results that the Indian moringa plant has rich phenolic and antioxidant and free radical-scavenging properties. The mature leaves were superior followed by tender leaves, flowers, and seeds in this respect.

Characterization of soil fertility as influenced by age of Eucalyptus spp plantation and site conditions in the central highland of Eritrea

Mussie Robel, Woldeselassie Ogbazghi , Balwan Singh — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 -0400

The present investigation was carried out to characterize the soil fertility as influenced by age and site of eucalyptus plantation enclosures in moist highland zones of Eritrea. Three sites: Serejeka, Dem-Sebai, and Emba-Dorho, and; three ages: 7, 16, and 26 years after planting were selected for the study. No significant difference was observed in bulk density with age and site. pH showed a highly significant difference with age but non-significant with the site. Soil organic carbon showed a significant difference with age. A highly significant difference in soil nitrogen content at the Serejeka site, but no significant difference at Dem-Sebai and Emba-Dorho, was observed for age. The amount of available phosphorous in the forest plantations and the non-forested control was low. There was a significant difference in available phosphorus with age only in Emba-Dorho.

Seasonal variation in antioxidant properties of various parts of the Moringa oleifera plant collected from different Indian locations

Tushar Sharma, Aditya Kumar, Awadhesh Kishore — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 -0400

The present study was an attempt to find out the antioxidant properties of various parts of the Moringa oleifera plant collected from different Indian locations in various seasons. Three Indian locations viz Jaipur, Dehra Dun, and Gwalior were selected randomly for collection of the samples of the fresh flowers, tender and mature leaves, and seeds of Moringa oleifera. The samples were collected from three different agroforest locations selected randomly from each district during each calendar month of the year 2021-22. The samples were extracted and antioxidant properties were determined according to the DPPH method, based on the quantification of free radical scavenging. For comparing antioxidant properties, the factorial ANOVA technique of statistical analysis was implemented and an analysis pack of MS Office Excel, 2016 was used to compare data. The flowers collected from Jaipur had superior and seeds from Gwalior had inferior antioxidant properties. Flowers and tender leaves were better compared to mature leaves and seeds and the month of January was the better and June poor season to yield antioxidant properties in the plant.

Effect of tillage, FYM, and mulch on soil physicochemical properties in Hamelmalo Region, Eritrea

Medhanie Mehrteab, Woldeselassie Ogbazghi , Balwan Singh — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 -0400

Land degradation and water conservation are serious problems in Eritrea, hence to arrest degradation and conserve water, a field experiment was conducted in the watershed area of Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Keren, Eritrea during the summer season of 2018 intending to study the effect of tillage, FYM, and mulch on soil physicochemical properties with sorghum crop, under rainfed conditions. A split-split plot experimental design was chosen with tillage (conventional tillage, CT; reduced tillage, RT and no-till, NT) as the main plot, FYM (0, 5, 10, 15 t ha^-1) as sub-plot and mulch (0, 4 t ha^-1) as sub-sub-plot in three replications. Each sub-sub-plot was 15 m². The plots were bunded to avoid any run-off, in or out. The distance between subplots and sub-sub plots was 40 cm. Results showed that tillage affected infiltration rate and bulk density and FYM bulk density, and infiltration rate, positively influenced soil aggregation and soil chemical properties significantly (p<0.05). The highest mean weight diameter was observed in NT (6.12 mm), and the lowest was in CT (2.8 mm). Soil organic matter was highest in NT with 15 t ha^-1 FYM, which elevated the organic matter content of the soil by 62 % as compared to pre-sowing. Phosphorus level in soil improved from very low to low in 15 t ha^-1 FYM with mulch over 0 t ha^-1. FYM of 15 t ha^-1 with Mulch brought a slight change in exchangeable cations (Na, K, Ca, and Mg).

Keywords: Farmyard manure, Mulch, Soil, Physico-chemical properties, Tillage.

A review of the effects of phosphorus and sulphur levels on growth, yield, and quality of gram and beans

Sunkara Sarada Devi, Pramod Tuppad , Awadhesh Kishore — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 -0400

The paper reviewed the research work on the effects of phosphorus and sulphur levels on growth, yield, and quality of grams and beans published during 2011-2022. Most of the studies concluded that the levels of phosphorus and sulphur administration influenced the growth, yield, and quality of black gram significantly. The studies compared growth, production, and economic parameters to a valid conclusion. However, the findings varied from study to study but most of the authors showed similar trends. The recommended dose of phosphorus and sulphur for black gram varied for different agroclimatic zones, seasons, soil types and varieties.