Influence of manipulated rumen fermentation using buffers on the ruminal environment in crossbred calves
Buffers on the ruminal environment in crossbred calves
Keywords:
A:P ratio, Ammonia nitrogen, Buffers, Crossbred calves, Magnesium oxide, Rumen fermentation, Ruminal environment, Sodium bicarbonate, TVFAAbstract
To study the effect of manipulation of rumen fermentation using buffers in crossbred calves on the rumen environment nine crossbred calves were divided into three groups based on different phenotypic traits (Age 131-221d, lightweight-LW 57.5-93.9 Kg) and were given grass mixture and wheat straw as green and dry roughages and concentrate mixture contained barley grain and mustard cake. One animal from each group was randomly allotted to one of the three treatments viz. T-1, T-2, and T-3. Buffer in the form of sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide in combination at the rate of 0.00 and 0.00, 0.20 and 0.10, and 0.40 and 0.20 per cent of LW were given in T-1, T-2, and T-3, respectively. The ruminal study trial was conducted 30 days after the start of the experiment and lasted for 5 consecutive days. During this period, the ruminal liquor was sampled after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours of feeding and analyzed for pH, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, butyrate, iso-butyrate, Iso-valerate, propionate, valerate, acetate to propionate (A:P) ratio, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, urea nitrogen and non-ammonia and urea nitrogen. The data were analyzed statistically using suitable procedures. The results of the rumen metabolism study indicated that the pH and content of acetate, propionate and ammonia nitrogen decreased and TVFA, BA, VA, and A:P ratio increased in the rumen liquor due to the supplementation of buffer in calves’ nutrition. A declining pattern of pH up to 10 hours; concentration of IBA, AN, and urea nitrogen up to 8 hours and total volatile fatty acid up to 6 hours in rumen liquor after feeding were recorded. The overall conclusion can be made that the addition of buffer in ruminant nutrition (buffer feed technology) was responsible to change the ruminal environment in such a way that it became helpful to produce additional fat due to manipulated pH and A:P ratio.
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